The “battery butterfly effect”: small cell drift can cause enormous loss of useable capacity

In conventional battery management systems (BMS), every load cycle causes a very small cell drift that can neither be detected nor measured until much later. But what starts small will eventually have dramatic consequences: low useable capacity and fewer remaining load cycles. ETA-Leveling will prevent this.

A use case from real life illustrates the benefits of this algorithm that can be integrated into existing hardware without any modifications. The BENNING CMS Technology GmbH Battery Leveling Laboratory tested a used e-mobility traction battery with 80 percent useable capacity – a state that meant it had reached its end of life for use in electric vehicles (EV). The Laboratory team reanimated the battery (i.e. leveled it), lending it around 900 more load cycles before it will drop back to 80 percent.

Saying goodbye to cell drift with ETA-Leveling

BMS that use ETA-Leveling from the very start prevent the premature ageing of individual cells in the first place, thus heading off cell drift and the resulting loss of useable capacity. In EV batteries, useable capacity equals range – and cell drift equals loss of range. While we are dealing with losses of below 10 percent (3.5 percent in the tested battery), these seemingly small figures cannot hide the fact that consequences can be severe. This is especially true for e-mobility, where every little bit of range matters. “Shorter ranges and fewer load cycles are caused by inadequate BMS,” explains Frederik Fuchs, Managing Director of Benning CMS Technology. “Our ETA-Leveling technology leads to more usable energy under the same conditions.” ETA-Leveling is available for any type of battery block and can be implemented into BMS following the purchase of a licence.

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ETA-Leveling improves useable capacity and increases the number of available load cycles. A leveled test battery was able to achieve around 900 additional load cycles.
ETA-Leveling improves useable capacity and increases the number of available load cycles. A leveled test battery was able to achieve around 900 additional load cycles.

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Leveling rather than balancing…
…because it does away with the battery resting periods

Battery resting periods are used for balancing in electromobility. However, balancing can only start once the charging process is finished, which causes considerable delay. The batteries of electric cars that are driven every day may never have a true resting period. This is where battery management systems (BMS) are advantageous, because instead of balancing based on voltage, they level, i.e. carry out efficiency leveling. Leveling only takes a few seconds without the need for resting periods. 

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